Ịbanyeghachi n'ọkwa mgbe ọrịa gasịrị: ọrụ onye ọrụ na mgbe mmachibido ụgwọ ọrụ dị

Mgbe onye ọrụ dara ọrịa ruo ogologo oge, usoro na-amalite nke onye were ya n'ọrụ na onye ọrụ ga-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ maka nlọghachi ọrụ kacha mma. Usoro ahụ - njikọtaghachi mgbe ọrịa gasịrị - bụ nke iwu kachasị na Netherlands site na Iwu Mmezi Ọnụ Ụzọ (Wet verbetering poortwachter) na iwu gbasara ịkwụ ụgwọ ọnwa n'oge ọrịa nke edepụtara na Iwu Obodo Dutch.

N'ọrụ, mgbe ụfọdụ, a na-eche na ọ bụ onye were mmadụ n'ọrụ na-etinye ihe egwu. Foto ahụ ezughị ezu. Onye ọrụ ahụ nwekwara ọrụ doro anya, onye ọ bụla na-emezughị ha n'enweghị ezi ihe kpatara ya nwere ike ịtụfu ikike inweta ụgwọ ọrụ.

N'ime blọgụ a, anyị na-akọwa ihe njikọta ọzọ gụnyere, ọrụ ndị dịịrị onye ọrụ na mgbe nkwụsịtụ ụgwọ ọrụ, nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ntaramahụhụ ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịbanye. Anyị na-ekwukwa maka ntaramahụhụ ụgwọ ọrụ nke UWV (Ụlọ Ọrụ Mkpuchi Ndị Ọrụ) nwere ike itinye n'ahụ onye were ya n'ọrụ, n'ihi na n'omume, ụzọ abụọ ahụ nwere njikọ chiri anya.

Ịmeghachi mmekọrịta mgbe ọrịa gasịrị: usoro iwu dị mkpirikpi

Onye ọrụ na-erughị eru ịrụ ọrụ nwere ikike ịnọgide na-akwụ ma ọ dịkarịa ala pasentị 70 nke ụgwọ ọrụ ya ruo izu 104 (afọ abụọ) (Isiokwu 7:629 nke Iwu Obodo Dutch). N'oge ahụ, akụkụ abụọ ahụ nwere ọrụ kacha mma iji weghachite onye ọrụ ahụ. Onye were n'ọrụ ga-eme ka nlọghachi ahụ dị mfe - dịka ọmụmaatụ site n'inyocha ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị na ilekọta ọnụnọ ya nke ọma - ebe onye ọrụ ga-arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma. Ọrụ onye ọrụ dị na Nkeji edemede 7:660a nke Iwu Obodo Dutch; nhọrọ mmachibido iwu n'oge ọrịa dị na Nkeji edemede 7:629 nke Iwu Obodo Dutch.

Iwu Mmezi Ọnụ Ụzọ (nke dị irè kemgbe 1 Eprel 2002) kọwara nke a ka ọ bụrụ atụmatụ nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ yana ihe mgbaru ọsọ a kapịrị ọnụ. Isi ihe ndị a bụ:

• Akụkọ ọrịa: onye were ya n'ọrụ na-akọ akụkọ enweghị ya nye dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọrụ ahụike ọrụ.
• Ihe dị ka izu nke 6: Dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ na-eme nyocha nsogbu ya na onye ọrụ ahụ.
• Ka ọ na-erule izu nke asatọ, ọ ga-abụ: onye ọrụ na onye ọrụ na-eme atụmatụ otu atụmatụ mmemme (n'ime izu abụọ nke nyocha nsogbu ahụ).
• N'oge usoro: nzukọ ọganihu oge niile, nke a na-agbanwe atụmatụ ọrụ ebe ọ dị mkpa.
• N'izu nke 42: ọkwa nke ịnọghị ogologo oge nye UWV.
• Ihe dị ka izu nke 52: nyocha nke afọ mbụ.
• N'ihe dị ka izu 91-93: the final evaluation; the WIA application must reach the UWV no later than week 93.
• N'izu nke 104: the obligation to continue paying wages ends and, if the employee is then still (partly) unfit for work, a WIA benefit can start.

Ọ bụrụ na ọrụ nke onye ọrụ ahụ maọbụ ọrụ ndị ọzọ kwesịrị ekwesị n'ime ụlọ ọrụ ahụ agaghị ekwe omume (ụzọ nke mbụ), a ga-enyocha ya n'oge dị mma ma onye ọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịbanyeghachi na onye were ya n'ọrụ ọzọ (ụzọ nke abụọ). Ụzọ nke abụọ ahụ ka bụkwa ọrụ onye were ya n'ọrụ.

Kedụ ọrụ onye ọrụ ahụ nwere?

Isi ihe dị mkpa bụ na onye ọrụ ga-arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma n'ọkwa mgbake ngwa ngwa na nke kwesịrị ekwesị na nlọghachi ọrụ ya. N'okpuru Nkeji edemede 7:660a nke Iwu Obodo Dutch, a chọrọ ka onye ọrụ, tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, mee:

• soro ntuziaka na usoro ezi uche dị na ya sitere n'aka onye were gị n'ọrụ ma ọ bụ ọkachamara na-etinye aka (dịka ụlọ ọrụ na-agbanwe mmekọrịta) nke ga-eme ka ha nwee ike ịrụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị;
• rụọ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị nke ha nwere ike ịrụ, ma n'aka onye were ha n'ọrụ ma - ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị nhọrọ n'ebe ahụ - ikekwe na onye were ha n'ọrụ ọzọ;
• isonye n'ịmepụta, inyocha na ịhazi atụmatụ ọrụ;
• egbochila ma ọ bụ gbuo oge mgbake ha.

Tinyere nke ahụ, onye ọrụ ahụ ga-agbaso iwu nlekota nke onye were ya n'ọrụ. Ndị a bụ iwu ndị ezi uche dị na ha, ndị e dere ede nke na-enye onye were ya n'ọrụ ohere ịlele ma ọ nwere ikike inweta ụgwọ ọrụ - chee echiche ịga nzukọ dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ma bụrụ onye a pụrụ iru. N'ime nke a, onye were ya n'ọrụ enweghị ike ikpebi ahụike nke ya gbasara ma mmadụ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ; nke ahụ bụ ihe dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ bụ maka ya. Ọzọkwa, onye were ya n'ọrụ enweghị ike ịjụ maka ụdị ma ọ bụ ihe kpatara ọrịa ahụ ma ghara ịhazi data ahụike nke onye ọrụ ahụ; nyocha nke ọnọdụ ahụike na-aga site na dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ.

Ụzọ abụọ a na-agbagwoju anya ngwa ngwa: nkwụsịtụ ụgwọ ọrụ na nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ

Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma, onye were ya n'ọrụ nwere ike ịkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ kwụsị ya. N'iwu, ihe abụọ a bụ ụzọ dị iche iche, nke nwere ihe ga-esi na ya pụta dị iche. Ịgbagwoju anya ha nwere ike ịkpatara onye were ya n'ọrụ nnukwu nsogbu.

Nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ (Isiokwu 7:629(6) nke Iwu Obodo Dutch)

A na-eme atụmatụ maka nkwụsịtụ ụgwọ ọrụ dịka ụzọ isi mee ka onye ọrụ ghara ikwe ka onye were ya n'ọrụ lelee ma o ruru eru inweta ụgwọ ọrụ - dịka ọmụmaatụ n'ihi na, n'agbanyeghị na a kpọrọ ya oku, ha anaghị aga dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ. Onye were ya n'ọrụ anaghị akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ. Ihe a na-ahụkarị nkwụsịtụ bụ na a ga-akwụrịrị ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ ozugbo onye ọrụ ahụ rubere isi n'iwu nlekota wee chọpụta na ha erughị eru maka ọrụ. Ya mere, onye ọrụ anaghị efufu ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ kpamkpam.

Nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ: mfu ikike iji ụgwọ ọrụ

Nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ bụ ihe dị oke mkpa nke na-adịgide adịgide, n'ụkpụrụ, nke na-adịgide adịgide. Isiokwu 7:629(3) nke Iwu Obodo Dutch depụtara ọtụtụ ọnọdụ (n'okpuru a ruo f) ebe onye ọrụ enweghị ikike ịnweta ụgwọ ọrụ n'oge dị mkpa. Ọtụtụ n'ime ihe ndị a metụtara enweghị ike imezu ọrụ nlọghachi, gụnyere:

• n'amaghị ama ime ka mmadụ ghara inwe ike ịrụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ inye ozi ụgha n'oge nyocha ahụike tupu a na-enye ya ọrụ;
• igbochi ma ọ bụ igbu oge mgbake;
• ịjụ, n'enweghị ezigbo ihe kpatara ya, ịrụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị;
• ịjụ, n'enweghị ezigbo ihe kpatara ya, ikwenye na ntuziaka ma ọ bụ usoro ezi uche dị na ya maka ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị;
• ịjụ, n'enweghị ezigbo ihe kpatara ya, isonye n'ịmepụta, inyocha ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe atụmatụ ọrụ.

Ihe dị iche na nkwụsịtụ bụ isi. Site na nkwụsịtụ, a na-egbochi ịkwụ ụgwọ nwa oge, a na-akwụghachikwa ụgwọ azụ ozugbo onye ọrụ ahụ jikọrọ aka. Mgbe a kwụsịrị ụgwọ ọrụ ziri ezi, ụgwọ ọrụ n'oge a jụrụ na-efunahụ kpamkpam. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ emee ihe niile o kwesịrị ime, ha ga-enweta ụgwọ ọrụ site n'oge ahụ gaa n'ihu, mana ha agaghị enweta ego ha jichiri.

Cheta nhazi ziri ezi na ịdọ aka ná ntị n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị

Onye were n'ọrụ nwere ọrụ ịdọ aka ná ntị (Isiokwu 7:629(7) nke Iwu Obodo Dutch). Ha ga-agwa onye ọrụ ozugbo - ọkachasị n'akwụkwọ - na ihe kpatara ha ga-eji kwụsị ma ọ bụ kwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ, ka onye ọrụ wee nwee ike ịgbanwe ụzọ ya. N'ime nke a, ha ga-eme ka o doo anya ma ọ gbasara nkwụsịtụ ma ọ bụ nkwụsị.

N'ọrụ, nke a bụ isi ihe dị mkpa. Ọ bụghị ihe niile na-ezighi ezi na-eme ka onye were ya n'ọrụ ghara inwe ikike ha, mana iwu ikpe anakwerela na nkwurịta okwu na-edoghị anya ma ọ bụ na-ezighi ezi nwere ike ịpụta na ha enweghị ike ịdabere na usoro siri ike karị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na ejiri okwu ahụ bụ "nkwụsịtụ" mee ihe mgbe a na-ezube ịkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ, onye ọrụ ahụ nwere ike ịdabere na ihe a gwara ya, onye were ya n'ọrụ nwekwara ike ịhapụ ikike ịkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ kpamkpam. Ya mere, ọkwa doro anya na nke oge dị mkpa.

Ọzọkwa, naanị ịghara ịga leta dọkịta ụlọ ọrụ ahụ agaghị eme ka a kwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ ozugbo: nkwụsịtụ ụgwọ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị tupu oge eruo. Ọ bụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ anọgide na-emebi ọrụ ya ruo ogologo oge ka a ga-ahụ nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ. Ọ bụ kpọmkwem n'ebe a ka idebe ndekọ nke ọma dị oke mkpa.

Nkwụsị ụgwọ ọnwa zuru oke ma ọ bụ nke ọkara?

Ruo ogologo oge, e nwere arụmụka gbasara ma, ọ bụrụ na mmadụ ajụ ịrụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị, a ga-akwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ dum, ma ọ bụ naanị akụkụ metụtara ọrụ ahụ a jụrụ. Na 6 Juun 2014, Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu (Hoge Raad) kpebiri na onye were mmadụ n'ọrụ nwere ike ịkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ dum ma ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ajụ, na-enweghị ezigbo ihe kpatara ya, ịrụ ọrụ kwesịrị ekwesị - ọbụlagodi na ọ gaara arụ ọrụ naanị maka akụkụ nke awa ya. Ihe kpatara ya bụ na naanị mkpali siri ike ga-akpali onye ọrụ ahụ iburu ọrụ ya n'uche. Otú ọ dị, enwere ihe dị iche: ọ bụrụ na a naghị anabata nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ zuru oke dịka ụkpụrụ ezi uche na ikpe ziri ezi si dị, naanị akụkụ nke ụgwọ ọrụ ahụ ka a ga-egbochi. A na-etinye ihe a n'ọrụ n'ụzọ na-egbochi ya.

Ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike ịkpatara onye ọrụ ahụ

Nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ abụghị naanị ihe ga-esi na ya pụta. Onye ọ bụla na-emezughị ọrụ ha maka ịlọghachi n'ọgbakọ nwekwara ike iche ihe ndị a ihu:

• Lapse of the prohibition on termination during illness (Article 7:670a(1) of the Dutch Civil Code). The statutory prohibition on terminating a sick employee does not apply where the employee refuses without proper grounds to meet the obligations of Article 7:660a of the Dutch Civil Code and the employer has first put them on written notice to comply. In practice, the UWV usually requires that the employer first applied a wage stop without success; only then does termination come into view.
• Nsonaazụ maka uru WIA. UWV nwere ike inye obere uru ma ọ bụ kpebie ịghara ịhazi ngwa WIA mgbe onye ọrụ ahụ arụkọghị ọrụ nke ọma na nlọghachi ha.
• Enweghị mkpokọta nke ikike ezumike n'oge ahụ nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ dị irè n'ihi enweghị ike ịgbaso iwu maka ịchịkọta ndị ọzọ.

Ma onye were gị n'ọrụ? Mmachibido ụgwọ ọrụ nke UWV

Akụkụ nke ọzọ nke mkpụrụ ego ahụ bụ mmachibido ụgwọ ọrụ nke UWV nwere ike itinye n'aka onye were ya n'ọrụ. Mgbe e tinyere akwụkwọ WIA, UWV na-enyocha ma onye were ya n'ọrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ agbakọọla mbọ zuru oke iji weghachite onwe ha (nyocha RIV). Ọ bụrụ na UWV achọpụta na onye were ya n'ọrụ dara ada n'enweghị ezigbo ihe kpatara ya - dịka ọmụmaatụ site n'ịmalite n'oge, itinye ụzọ nke abụọ n'oge, ma ọ bụ iwu faịlụ ezughị ezu - ọ nwere ike ịgbatị ụgwọ ọrụ ịnọgide na-akwụ ụgwọ ruo izu 52. Onye were ya n'ọrụ ga-anọgide na-akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ maka afọ nke atọ. Oke mmachibido iwu ahụ dabere na oke ihe adịghị mma. Ya mere, faịlụ mweghachi nke ọma, nke e ji nlezianya, nke oge na nke e dekọrọ nke ọma bụ ụzọ kachasị mkpa isi gbochie nke a.

Esemokwu gbasara njikọta ọzọ? arịọ echiche ọkachamara

Ọ bụrụ na onye were n'ọrụ na onye ọrụ ekwenyeghị — dịka ọmụmaatụ gbasara ma ọrụ enyere ọ dabara adaba n'ezie, ma ọ bụ gbasara oke enweghị ike ịrụ ọrụ — ha nwere ike ịrịọ maka echiche ọkachamara (deskundigenordeel) site na UWV. Echiche ahụ abụghị ihe a ga-eji dochie anya ya, mana ọ na-ebu ibu dị ukwuu n'okwu ọ bụla ma nwee ike inye aka mebie njedebe tupu e tinye mmachi.

Mmepe ndị a ga-eleba anya na ha

The system is not standing still, but not every announced change has survived. Two proposals are worth knowing about, for opposite reasons:

• The bill that would have made the company doctor’s advice on the employee’s capacity decisive in the UWV’s assessment of the reintegration file was withdrawn by the Minister of Social Affairs and Employment on 30 May 2023. It is therefore not coming. A wage sanction can still follow from a difference of view between the company doctor and the UWV insurance physician, and that risk has to be managed within the existing framework.
• The bill that would give small and medium-sized employers the option, from the second year of illness, to concentrate on reintegration with another employer (the second track) has been submitted to the House of Representatives. The intended date of entry into force is 1 January 2030, and the UWV is to reassess whether it is workable some eighteen months beforehand, so the date is not fixed.

Neither change affects a reintegration process running now. The framework that applies is the one described above, and an employer or employee who acts on an announced change that has been withdrawn or is still years away takes an avoidable risk.

Ọtụtụ mgbe Ẹbụp Ajụjụ

Nchikotaghachi dịka usoro ụzọ abụọ

Ịhazigharị ọzọ bụ usoro abụọ. Onye ọrụ nke na-arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma na onye were ya n'ọrụ nke na-elekọta ma na-ede akwụkwọ na-enwe obere ihe ize ndụ. Ọ bụrụ na onye ọrụ ahụ arụkọ ọrụ nke ọma, nkwụsịtụ ụgwọ ọrụ na - ma ọ bụrụ na ọ naghị agbaso iwu mgbe niile - nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ bụ ngwá ọrụ dị ike, ma ọ bụrụhaala na a mara ha nke ọma. N'akụkụ onye were ya n'ọrụ, mgbalị na-ezughị ezu na-etinye mgbatị ụgwọ ọrụ ruo otu afọ zuru oke. N'ọnọdụ abụọ ahụ, usoro ziri ezi, okwu ziri ezi na faịlụ zuru oke na-eme ka ihe dị iche.

Usoro ịchịkọta ndị mmadụ ọ na-aga n'ihu, ka ị na-enwe obi abụọ gbasara itinye akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ ịgbagha nkwụsịtụ ụgwọ ọrụ ma ọ bụ nkwụsị ụgwọ ọrụ? iwu ọrụ ndị ọkachamara na Law & More Obi dị m ụtọ ichebara gị echiche.